Terms of Sale and Service

1. The agreement and the supplier

These Terms of Sale and Service govern Adspy (adspy.sh), the creative research service used through its MCP server and, on plans that include it, its REST API, with its account website, operated by BURIZA, a French single-member simplified joint-stock company (SASU), registered as 930 929 252 RCS Paris, with its registered office at 229 rue Saint-Honoré, 75001 Paris, France. “BURIZA”, “we” and “us” mean that company. Contact: info@adspy.sh.

The customer is the person or organisation ordering the service. A workspace is a shared research area within the customer’s organisation; an authorised user is someone allowed to use it within the licensed capacity. An agent or connected assistant acts under the authority and permissions granted by the customer. A research credit is a contractual unit for eligible operations, not money or a transferable asset. A source is one of the advertising and social ecosystems the service covers, as the offer lists them (currently Meta, Google and TikTok); each plan covers the sources stated in its offer.

These terms, the specific offer presented before ordering and any expressly agreed additional conditions form the service contract. An order-specific written agreement takes priority over conflicting general provisions. The Enterprise plan is supplied only under such an agreement, which sets its users, limits, price and billing. Privacy information explains processing separately; accepting service terms is not consent to optional marketing.

• Legal notice
• Privacy policy
• Current plans

2. Professional use and authority

Adspy is offered exclusively to businesses and individuals acting for purposes within their trade, business, craft or profession. Consumer purchases are not offered. If you order on behalf of a business, you confirm that you have authority to bind it and that the billing and organisation details you provide are accurate. Individual account holders must be at least 18 and legally able to contract.

The professional provisions of these terms apply only when you act for purposes within your business or profession. The label on an account does not remove consumer or non-professional rights that apply by law. Do not purchase the service for personal, household or other consumer purposes. We may request proportionate evidence of professional status and refuse an ineligible order. Section 22 preserves mandatory rights.

3. What Adspy provides

Adspy helps you search observed public Meta and Google advertising, inspect available creative material and analysis, follow brands, organise collections and notes, and use research features such as Brand X-Ray, Reports and exports where included in your plan. The offer and interface identify the features available to your organisation. Public samples on the website are illustrations and not a promise that every demonstrated record will remain available.

The service supplies research access and processing within that scope. It does not supply your own advertising-account performance, run campaigns for you, clear advertising rights, or guarantee commercial outcomes. Adspy is independently operated and is not endorsed by Meta, Google or the advertisers whose material is referenced.

You need an up-to-date supported browser, internet access and, for MCP, a compatible client. Your internet connection and any separately chosen assistant subscription are your responsibility. Features and source coverage may differ between the website and MCP.

4. Accounts, teams and connected assistants

Keep sign-in details and connection credentials secure, grant access only to appropriate people, and promptly revoke access for departing users or exposed credentials. Users must use their own accounts. Sharing a login or selling workspace access to unrelated organisations is not an additional-user licence.

Organisation owners and authorised administrators manage plans, seats, workspaces and connections. You are responsible for their authorised instructions and for selecting permissions and spending controls appropriate to your agents. An assistant can disclose retrieved content to its own provider and can initiate chargeable operations within the access you grant. Review its permissions before connecting it and revoke access when no longer needed.

Report suspected compromise promptly. Your responsibilities do not make you liable for every unauthorised action regardless of fault or override obligations owed by BURIZA. Workspace restrictions, available credit, licensed seats and paid-plan eligibility can prevent access even if a connection remains installed.

5. Orders, prices and payment

The plan, the sources it covers, currency, billing interval, licensed quantity, included allowance and amount payable are presented before the order is confirmed. Website prices are in US dollars unless the offer states otherwise. Tax treatment and any applicable taxes must be identified in the order; your bank may apply its own conversion or transaction fees. No negotiated payment-on-account or early-payment discount applies unless agreed in writing.

Payments for plans ordered online are processed through Stripe; the Enterprise plan is billed by invoice under its written agreement. A payment is not an active subscription until it is verified and the corresponding entitlement is available. A return-page message alone is not proof of payment. You must provide accurate billing information and pay amounts properly due. A duplicate charge, incorrect amount or undelivered paid service can be challenged through info@adspy.sh.

For overdue business invoices, late-payment interest is payable from the day after the due date at the ECB refinancing rate applicable under Article L441-10 of the French Commercial Code plus ten percentage points, never below the statutory minimum. The statutory EUR 40 recovery indemnity per overdue invoice and substantiated additional recovery costs apply where that article permits them. These business charges do not apply to consumers.

6. Subscriptions, renewal, cancellation and seats

Paid plans renew for the billing interval shown in your order until cancelled. The standard plans ordered online, currently Starter, Pro and Unlimited, bill monthly. Manage or cancel the subscription through Subscription in the application and its billing portal. Cancellation normally takes effect at the end of the already-paid period; paid access remains available until then. Contact info@adspy.sh if the cancellation interface is unavailable.

The plan includes the users stated in the offer. Additional users are billed at the recurring seat price displayed for that plan, which differs between plans; an additional user adds no research credits. Pending invitations may reserve licensed capacity. Removing a member does not itself reduce the subscription quantity: schedule the quantity reduction in Billing. Seat reductions and downgrades normally apply at renewal, while upgrades may require a prorated payment shown before confirmation.

A plan that covers one source, currently Starter, covers the source chosen when ordering. An owner or authorised administrator can choose another source in Billing; the change applies from the next renewal, and the paid period keeps its source. Research outside the covered source is not available on that plan and is not charged. Moving to a plan that covers every source applies at once, under the prorated payment shown before confirmation; moving from such a plan to a one-source plan applies at renewal, when the source is chosen.

Except for a disclosed trial, an agreed remedy or mandatory law, cancelling does not refund an already-started billing period merely because you used the service less than expected. No future renewal is due after an effective cancellation. Saved research is retained after ordinary cancellation or downgrade, but paid access and licensed capacity change; retaining research is not a promise of perpetual storage. Account deletion is a separate request.

7. Research credits, permissions and completed operations

Included subscription credits are shared across your organisation, whatever its number of users, and expire at the end of the corresponding billing period. They do not roll over, earn interest or have a cash redemption value. They cannot be transferred or resold. Purchased-credit offers, if separately enabled, must identify their own price and validity before purchase; these terms do not promise that top-ups or automatic recharge are available.

The current tariff and quote identify the cost of a paid operation. Browsing the library (ads, social posts, their details and their existing AI analysis) is included in your plan within fair use. Reports, comparisons and new brand or account collections are charged at their disclosed price; a report’s reuse period is stated in its quote.

Every plan is subject to fair use: one organisation’s research must stay within what a team normally needs. We may limit unusual volumes, in particular new items browsed in a day or a month and new brand or social account fetches, and will say so when the limit applies, how to raise it and when it resets. On a plan with credits, such as Starter or Pro, new items beyond the browsing limit may be charged at the disclosed per-item price; on a plan without a credit count, such as Unlimited, they and new brand or social account fetches may pause until the limit resets, while material already opened stays readable. The Enterprise plan has no credits: its limits are those set in its written agreement.

A reservation is a temporary hold, not a final debit. Successful delivery or acceptance of the chargeable operation determines settlement under its disclosed tariff. Missing analysis and empty research results do not themselves create a charge. Reuse of a supported idempotency reference replays the same operation; starting a different operation or requesting new content can be charged again.

A brand-fetch fee pays for submission of a supported collection job when accepted, not a guaranteed number of ads, immediate completion or a successful outcome from every source. Status polling is free. The same fetch job is charged only once per organisation; its submission permission has no time expiry, but does not promise eternal storage or free future data retrieval. Technical failure attributable to us and incorrect billing remain subject to review and any remedy required by law.

• Plan details and research pricing
• Manage subscription

8. Research evidence and AI limitations

The library reflects material collected from available sources at particular times. Coverage, matching, dates, advertiser identity, activity status and media availability may be incomplete, delayed or incorrect. Ads may be removed or become unavailable. A recorded running period is not proof of continuous publication, profitability, spend, conversions or return on advertising spend.

AI-generated tags, transcripts, summaries, comparisons and interpretations can contain errors, omissions or unsupported conclusions. They describe the available evidence and do not constitute legal, financial or professional advice, or a guarantee that a creative is lawful or effective. Check the underlying examples and sources before relying on a conclusion.

You decide what to use in a brief, campaign or commercial decision and must obtain any professional review and permissions it requires. BURIZA does not promise exclusivity, originality or copyright protection for machine-generated output. These limitations describe the service’s scope; they do not excuse misleading descriptions or a failure to provide the contracted research service.

9. Advertiser material, exports and client work

Ads, videos, images, music, brand names, logos and third-party copy remain the property or responsibility of their respective rights holders. A public ad is not necessarily in the public domain. Adspy supplies research access, not a licence from the advertiser, performer, publisher or platform to reuse the material.

You may organise research and share lawful excerpts or outputs with your team or clients for the commissioned research purpose within your permissions. Use approved export and sharing functions, retain source and rights notices, and limit access appropriately. A download or export does not grant the right to re-run another advertiser’s creative, distribute a competing ad library, resell raw data or train a model on material without the required authority.

Export availability depends on the plan and the rights and technical availability of the source. Download links may expire, and partial exports identify unavailable items. Verify the material you received and retain your own lawful copies where necessary. BURIZA may remove or restrict material following a substantiated rights complaint or legal requirement.

10. Reporting content or a rights violation

To report unlawful content, an intellectual-property issue, a privacy concern or a factual correction, email info@adspy.sh with the subject “Content notice”. Identify the exact Adspy URL or creative identifier, explain the legal or factual grounds, and provide enough supporting information and a reply address. If acting for a rights holder, explain your authority. Confirm that the information is accurate to the best of your knowledge.

You do not have to buy a subscription to report an issue. Do not send unnecessary identity documents or confidential material. We may request proportionate additional information, restrict access during review and contact the relevant contributor or affected customer where appropriate. We will assess sufficiently precise notices diligently and communicate the decision where required.

If you disagree with a content restriction or a notice outcome, reply with the reference and grounds for reconsideration. Judicial remedies and statutory reporting rights remain available. This procedure is not a claim that all activities qualify for an intermediary-liability exemption, and it does not make BURIZA immune from responsibility for its own conduct.

11. Customer content and confidentiality

You retain the rights you hold in material you submit. You give BURIZA only the rights needed to host, transmit, reproduce, format and process that material to provide the requested service, maintain security, resolve support requests and comply with law. You must have authority to grant those rights. This permission does not transfer ownership of your confidential information or grant BURIZA a general right to sell it.

Each party will protect the other’s non-public business information with reasonable care, use it only for the service or the exercise of contractual rights, and disclose it only to personnel and service providers who need it and are bound by appropriate duties. This does not cover information lawfully known, independently developed, lawfully obtained elsewhere or made public without a breach. Required legal disclosures remain permitted, with advance notice where lawful. These duties survive termination for three years, and for trade secrets for as long as they qualify for legal protection.

Do not submit passwords, payment-card details, special-category personal data, criminal-offence data or other regulated information unless the specific service and contractual safeguards expressly support it. Use designated secure connection fields for credentials, never free-text prompts or support messages.

12. Privacy and processing on your instructions

BURIZA processes account, security, support and billing information for the purposes described in the Privacy policy. Where you determine the purposes of personal-data processing, you are responsible for an appropriate lawful basis, notices, instructions and the rights of the people concerned. Public availability of information is not, by itself, permission to reuse it for any purpose.

Where BURIZA acts as a processor on your behalf, an agreement satisfying Article 28 GDPR must cover that processing. Contact us to arrange the applicable data-processing terms and authorised recipients before submitting data that requires them. These service terms do not replace that agreement, establish a blanket lawful basis, or relieve BURIZA of its own obligations. A tool or integration listing is not a promise of EU-only processing.

• Privacy policy
• Contact the publisher

13. Intellectual property and service licence

BURIZA and its licensors retain rights in Adspy software, interfaces, documentation, original editorial material, branding and protectable database structure. Subject to these terms and your purchased permissions, you receive a non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access the service for your own authorised activities during the applicable access period. Your organisation may authorise its licensed users; this is not a right to resell access.

Do not copy or reproduce protected parts of the service, remove rights notices, extract or reuse a substantial part of a protected database, or repeatedly extract small parts in a way that infringes database rights. Do not reverse engineer the service except to the extent a mandatory legal exception permits it. These restrictions do not prevent lawful interoperability, permitted quotation, independent development, fair criticism or other non-waivable rights.

Third-party material remains subject to its owners’ rights and any applicable licences. Neither payment nor the ability to view, download, export or generate material guarantees that you can republish it, run it as advertising, train a model on it, or use a person’s likeness or a trademark. Obtain the rights needed for your intended use.

14. The REST API

The REST API is part of the Enterprise plan and is supplied only under an Enterprise order form, which sets the licensed organisation, its limits and its price (section 1). Its documentation, published at adspy.sh/docs/api, describes the available routes, formats, limits and security measures; it forms part of the service description. Where the order form and this section conflict, the order form prevails for its subject matter.

14.1 Internal use

API output may be used only for the customer’s own internal research, and for deliverables prepared for its own clients within a commissioned research purpose under section 9, by the authorised users and systems of the licensed organisation. Short excerpts and findings may be shared under section 9. Third-party advertising and social material remains subject to its owners’ rights (section 13); the API grants no licence to reuse it.

The customer must not:

• sell, license, sublicense, rent or otherwise make API output available to a third party as data, whether raw, aggregated, reformatted or mixed with other data, including through a feed, a dataset, an API, a plug-in or a public application;
• use API output to build, populate or improve a product or service that offers advertising-library, creative-research or social-post data to others, or that competes with Adspy;
• give a third party direct or indirect access to an API key or to a system that relays API requests on that third party’s behalf, except a service provider acting solely for the customer under confidentiality duties;
• publish API output in bulk, or in a way that lets the library, or a substantial part of it, be reconstructed.

14.2 Artificial intelligence

The customer must not use API output to train, fine-tune, distil, benchmark or evaluate a machine-learning model, or assemble a dataset for such purposes, whether the model is its own or a third party’s. Sending API output to an AI model or assistant to answer a particular request of the customer, without the provider retaining it for training, is permitted. The order form may authorise a specific use in writing.

14.3 Storage

The customer may store API output for the uses permitted above during the term of its order form. Media links expire as the documentation states and must not be republished or embedded in public pages. At the end of the order form, the customer must delete stored API output within 30 days, as section 6 of the order form sets out, except deliverables already delivered to its clients under section 14.1, and copies it must keep by law, which remain subject to this section.

14.4 Keys and security

API keys are confidential credentials. The customer must keep them on its own servers, never in browser code, a mobile application, a public repository or a support message; give access to them only to people who need it; use the narrowest permissions and, where practicable, the IP allowlist; rotate them before expiry; and revoke a key at once when it may have been exposed. The customer must tell BURIZA without undue delay, and in any case within 72 hours, of a suspected compromise of a key or of API output. Until a key is revoked, requests made with it are treated as the customer’s, subject to section 4 (third paragraph) and to BURIZA’s own obligations.

14.5 Limits and monitoring

The order form sets the limits that apply, such as requests per minute per key and new brand or account collections per month per organisation; the documentation describes how they are announced and enforced. The customer must not circumvent a limit, for example by spreading requests across additional keys, organisations or accounts. BURIZA records, for each request, the key’s identifier, the route, the status, the size of the answer, the IP address, the user agent and the time, for security, limit enforcement, billing and support; it monitors the volume of records each organisation reads and may contact the customer when the volume suggests a use outside section 14.1.

14.6 Coverage and changes

Platform terms can exclude some data from the API: Instagram accounts and posts are not available through it. The API’s coverage follows the library’s (section 8). Within a version, BURIZA may add routes, parameters, fields and error codes; removing or renaming one, or changing its meaning, comes with a new version and at least 90 days of notice, unless a security or legal reason requires a shorter delay.

14.7 Suspension

BURIZA may throttle or suspend a key, or the API access of an organisation, where reasonably necessary to address a security threat, a likely compromise of a key, a breach of this section or a load that endangers the service, under section 17. It acts proportionately, starting with the key concerned where that is enough, and informs the customer’s administrators of the grounds and the remedy unless doing so would compromise security or breach the law.

15. Acceptable use

Use the service only with lawful authority and in accordance with applicable law, these terms and the restrictions disclosed for the relevant feature or provider. Supported API and MCP automation is permitted within your permissions and limits.

• Do not infringe copyright, trademarks, database rights, privacy, confidentiality or publicity rights, impersonate another person, or submit unlawful, defamatory, abusive or exploitative material.
• Do not access another customer’s resources, test a system without permission, spread malware, expose secrets, evade security controls, bypass payment, or exploit a fault to obtain unauthorised access or credit.
• Do not circumvent usage limits with account sharing, account multiplication, rotating identities or undisclosed resale. Do not use unsupported bulk scraping or automated interfaces to overload the service or reconstruct its protected library.
• Do not use personal data for unlawful surveillance, discriminatory decisions, doxxing or unsolicited outreach that lacks a valid legal basis. An enrichment result or public advertisement is not consent to contact a person.
• Search for or request the collection of a social account only when it represents a brand, a business or a creator acting professionally. Do not use social research to follow private individuals.
• Do not use the service in breach of applicable sanctions or export restrictions, or as the sole control in safety-critical, medical, legal, financial, employment or similarly consequential decisions.
• Report suspected security issues privately with enough information to reproduce them. Do not access other customers’ data to demonstrate a vulnerability.

16. Availability, changes and third-party dependencies

BURIZA will provide the contracted service with reasonable care and skill. Unless a separate written service-level agreement applies, no particular uptime, response time or support resolution time is guaranteed. Maintenance, source restrictions and third-party outages can affect individual features. We will take reasonable steps to mitigate disruptions within our control.

We may correct, secure and develop the service, and change individual integrations when technical, legal or provider conditions require it. Platform terms may exclude some material from some access methods: for example, Instagram posts are not available through the REST API. A feature marked as preview, beta or experimental may change or end; assess it before relying on it for a critical workflow. These descriptions do not excuse failure to supply the essential paid service.

For a material reduction of an ongoing paid service under our control, including fewer sources or a smaller allowance on a current subscription, we will give reasonable advance notice, normally at least 30 days, unless urgent security or legal circumstances prevent it. If we cannot provide a substantially equivalent solution, you may end the affected service and receive the unused prepaid amount attributable to the part we cannot supply. Where a paid feature is withdrawn with shorter notice, you may ask for a refund of the current billing period, prorated for the time remaining. Mandatory remedies remain available.

17. Suspension and termination

We may restrict the affected account, credential, content or feature where reasonably necessary to address unlawful use, a material breach, non-payment, a credible security threat or a binding legal request. We will act proportionately and explain the grounds and available remedy unless doing so would compromise security or breach the law. A curable non-urgent breach normally receives notice and 15 days to be corrected.

You may contact info@adspy.sh to challenge a restriction or request closure. We may terminate for an unremedied material breach or an urgent, serious breach that cannot reasonably be remedied. For termination at our convenience, we normally give at least 30 days’ notice and refund the unused prepaid service we will not supply. A restriction does not create an automatic entitlement to confiscate unused prepaid sums.

Ending access does not erase payment obligations already properly incurred, records subject to legal retention, or provisions intended to survive, including confidentiality, ownership, liability and dispute provisions. Where lawful and technically practicable, we will provide a reasonable opportunity to retrieve your own content before planned closure. Keep independent copies of information you need; the service is not a permanent archive.

18. Responsibility and limits of liability

You are responsible for choosing services suitable for your needs, your lawful instructions, your authorised users and agents, and checking results before use. BURIZA remains responsible for its own contractual obligations and acts or omissions attributable to it. A third party’s involvement does not automatically release BURIZA from responsibility.

For professional customers, and only to the extent permitted by applicable law, BURIZA is liable for proven, foreseeable, direct loss caused by its breach. It is not liable for indirect or consequential loss, including lost profit, revenue, opportunity, goodwill or anticipated savings where such loss is indirect. A loss is not excluded merely because it concerns data.

For professional customers, BURIZA’s aggregate liability arising from the Adspy service for events in any twelve-month period is limited to the greater of EUR 100 and the service fees you paid to BURIZA for that service in the twelve months before the first event giving rise to the claims. Related events are treated as one event. This cap does not reduce a refund or correction of sums improperly charged or an express repayment of unused prepaid amounts.

No exclusion or cap applies to fraud, wilful misconduct, gross negligence, death or personal injury, a limitation that would deprive an essential obligation of its substance, or any liability or statutory right that cannot lawfully be limited, including applicable rights under data-protection and consumer law. This section does not impose the professional liability cap on consumers.

19. Third-party claims caused by misuse

If you act as a professional customer, you will compensate BURIZA for damages finally awarded or reasonably settled, and reasonable documented defence costs, in a third-party claim directly caused by your unlawful content, infringement of a third party’s rights, or material misuse of the service in breach of these terms. This does not cover a claim to the extent caused by BURIZA’s fault, its own content or processing, or modifications you did not authorise.

BURIZA must notify you promptly, take reasonable steps to limit loss and allow you to participate in the defence. No settlement admitting your liability or imposing a non-monetary obligation on you may be made without your reasonable consent. This clause does not impose an automatic penalty or prevent you from contesting a claim.

20. Events outside reasonable control

Neither party is responsible for a failure to perform to the extent it results from force majeure meeting Article 1218 of the French Civil Code. An ordinary supplier failure, lack of funds or foreseeable capacity problem is not automatically force majeure. The affected party must notify the other, mitigate the effects and resume performance when possible.

If the impediment continues for more than 30 days, either party may terminate the affected part of the service by notice. Charges for correctly supplied services remain due; unused prepaid amounts for services that will not be supplied will be returned, subject to mandatory law.

21. Contract changes, notices and evidence

The version date identifies these terms. The version made available and validly accepted when you order governs that order. A later publication does not retroactively change completed purchases or automatically prove your acceptance. Save or print a copy for your records.

Material changes for continuing services will be notified through your account contact details or a clear service notice normally at least 30 days before they apply. Changes to ongoing subscription prices, seat prices, included allowances or covered sources are notified at least 30 days ahead and apply from a later renewal, leaving time to cancel. A change you request, such as another source or plan, applies as described in section 6. Urgent legal or security changes may apply sooner where justified. Where fresh agreement is required, we will obtain it; silence is not a waiver of statutory rights.

Keep your account contact details current. Electronic orders, invoices, notices and service records may be used as evidence subject to applicable law, and you may challenge their accuracy. Marketing preferences are separate from essential contractual notices. A valid signed order or negotiated agreement prevails over conflicting standard terms for its subject matter; mandatory law always prevails. Invalid provisions are severed only to the extent necessary, without rewriting away statutory protections.

22. Mandatory consumer and non-professional rights

If you qualify for mandatory consumer or non-professional protection despite the business-only eligibility requirement, those rights prevail over inconsistent provisions. Business late fees, the professional liability cap and the trader-only Paris jurisdiction clause do not remove them.

Where the French distance-selling withdrawal right applies, you normally have 14 days from conclusion of a service contract to notify withdrawal without giving a reason. Write to info@adspy.sh or BURIZA at the registered office with an unequivocal statement. You may use: “I withdraw from my contract for [service], ordered on [date]. Name: [name]. Address: [address]. Date: [date].” Add a signature only for a paper notice. We will acknowledge the request and make any required refund by the same payment method within the statutory period, normally 14 days after notice.

Starting access, using credits or accepting these terms does not by itself waive withdrawal rights. A proportionate charge for services supplied before withdrawal requires the legally required express request and information. Any exception for fully performed services or digital content applies only when all required prior express consents, acknowledgements and confirmations have actually been obtained. No automatic blanket waiver is asserted.

Applicable legal conformity guarantees for digital content and digital services remain available, including correction without undue delay, without charge and without major inconvenience, and a price reduction or termination where the statutory conditions are met. For continuous supply, conformity obligations apply during the contracted supply period. Mandatory updates, cancellation mechanisms and competent consumer courts remain available. Contact BURIZA for a guarantee claim; no short contractual complaint deadline replaces statutory limitation periods.

A consumer may complain to the competent consumer authority and use the consumer mediation procedure applicable to the trader after an unresolved written complaint. Contact us for the applicable scheme; these terms do not claim membership of a mediator that has not been appointed. The former EU online dispute resolution platform is no longer an available complaints route.

23. French law and disputes

These terms are governed by French law, subject to mandatory rules applicable to you. For a complaint, write to info@adspy.sh with your account or workspace reference, the relevant date and the remedy requested. Never include a password, API key or full card number. The parties will try in good faith to resolve a dispute before litigation; this does not prevent urgent relief or suspend a legal deadline.

FOR DISPUTES BETWEEN PARTIES BOTH CONTRACTING IN THEIR CAPACITY AS TRADERS (COMMERÇANTS), THE COURTS OF PARIS, FRANCE HAVE EXCLUSIVE TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION, INCLUDING FOR MULTIPLE DEFENDANTS OR THIRD-PARTY PROCEEDINGS, TO THE EXTENT ARTICLE 48 OF THE FRENCH CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE PERMITS. In every other case, the courts designated by mandatory procedural rules remain competent.

These documents are published in English for our international professional audience. This does not waive any right to information or a contract in a language required by law. No mandatory arbitration, class-action waiver or restriction on truthful reviews is imposed by these terms.